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Protons are fundamental particles that make up the atomic nucleus along with neutrons. They carry a positive charge and determine the atomic number of an element, which defines its chemical properties. The number of protons in an atom also determines its identity, making them a key factor in chemistry. In chemical reactions, protons are involved in the formation and breaking of bonds between atoms. They contribute to the stability and structure of molecules, influencing their characteristics such as polarity and reactivity. Protons also play a role in determining the acidity or basicity of a substance, as they can be gained or lost to form ions. Understanding the behavior of protons is essential for mastering chemistry, as they are central to the study of atomic structure and chemical reactions. Their interactions with electrons and other particles drive the processes that govern the behavior of matter in the universe.