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Protons are subatomic particles found within the nucleus of an atom. They carry a positive charge, equal in magnitude to the negative charge of electrons, and are crucial for the stability and structure of an atom. Along with neutrons, protons make up the majority of an atom's mass. In chemistry, protons are important for determining the identity of an element. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is known as the atomic number, which defines the element. For example, an atom with one proton is hydrogen, while an atom with six protons is carbon. In physics, protons play a key role in nuclear reactions and particle accelerators. They can be accelerated to high speeds and energies, revealing insights into the fundamental forces and particles of the universe. Overall, the study of protons is essential for understanding the basic building blocks of matter and the forces that govern our world.